{"id":628,"date":"2014-02-14T12:08:16","date_gmt":"2014-02-14T12:08:16","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/altimara.wordpress.com\/?p=628"},"modified":"2014-02-14T12:08:16","modified_gmt":"2014-02-14T12:08:16","slug":"charcoal-making-english","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.altimara.eu\/blog\/2014\/02\/14\/charcoal-making-english\/","title":{"rendered":"charcoal making (english)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Charbonnier est maitre dans sa demeure:\u00a0<\/em>\u00a0a coalman’s home is his castle!<\/p>\n

The coalman \u00a0cleans a plane rounded surface of all vegetation to form the charcoal area or \u00ab\u00a0faulde<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0. He builds on it the wheel or \u00ab\u00a0meule<\/em>\u00a0\u00bb which is the woodpile to be charcoaled.It thens covers it with leaves and dirt to form the charcoal kiln or \u00ab\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re\u00a0\u00bb. It thens covers it with leaves and dirt to form the charcoal kiln or \u00ab\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re<\/em>\u00ab\u00a0.<\/p>\n

To build the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re\u00a0<\/em>you will need to:<\/p>\n

– Cut 4′ wood logs (70-80 cm).<\/p>\n

– Flatten twigs of green oak with big stones.<\/p>\n

– Distribute heaps of dirt evenly over the\u00a0faulde.<\/em><\/p>\n

– Place at its centre a pole materializing the chimney of the\u00a0meule\u00a0<\/em>with dry wood at its base.(1)<\/p>\n

– Stack small green logs (about 25 cm) along the chimney axis. This is to bear the entire\u00a0meule’s\u00a0<\/em>wood load.<\/p>\n

– Stack the logs vertically around the chimney axis in a slightly inclined way to give the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re\u00a0<\/em>its rounded shape. (2-3)<\/p>\n

– Place lap wood horizontally at the top of the pile to support the vegetal cover.<\/p>\n

– Fill the gaps between the wood logs with the flattened twigs of green oak to make the vegetal cover. (4)<\/p>\n

– Carefully cover this vegetal dome with dirt. (5-6)<\/p>\n

– Climb the ladder and remove the pole at the centre of the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re<\/em>.<\/p>\n

– Put a shovelful of embers in this hole to light the dry wood at its bottom. (7)<\/p>\n

– Feed the fire that climbs along the chimney with dry and green wood.<\/p>\n

– When the fire reaches the top of the chimney, the internal temperature is close to 500\u00b0 C. The pyrolysis is about to start: clog the chimney with dirt.<\/p>\n

– Reduce the thickness of the dirt cover or pierce it. This is to orientate the heat in the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re\u00a0<\/em><\/p>\n

– Pierce holes, one level after the other, starting from the top until you reach the bottom of the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re\u00a0<\/em>and all the wood is charcoaled. (9-10)<\/p>\n

Important note: once started, the charcoaling process can only stop once all the wood is charcoaled and cold. If a collapsed part of the dirt cover is not quickly fixed, the kindling of the burning wood can take place almost on the spot causing the loss of all the work done. The charcoaling process then requires\u00a0a constant supervision (days and nigths) over a period of 5 days.<\/strong><\/p>\n

– Remove the dirt and leaves ashes from the top of the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re<\/em>\u00a0and gather the charcoaled logs of wood.<\/p>\n

\"kiln\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Notes:<\/p>\n

(1)<\/sup>: This pole will then be removed at the time of ignition.<\/p>\n

(2)<\/sup>: The\u00a0meule<\/i>\u00a0is typically made of 6 to 8 cubic meters of wood stockpiled over 2 stages. It then reaches a height of approximately 2.5 m. This modest size is both due to the low density of the tree cover and the limited surface available over steep slopes for the\u00a0fauldes<\/i>\u00a0in the Mediterranean area.<\/p>\n

(3)<\/sup>: The use of the conical shape probably dates back to the thirteenth century. Other techniques using a cube shape or firing in a pit were also used.<\/p>\n

(4)<\/sup>: Juniper branches can be an alternative to green oak as they provide excellent support to the dirt cover to be added on top.<\/p>\n

(5)<\/sup>: This dirt shell isolates the burning wood from oxygen in the air. The coalman then uses the dirt covered\u00a0meule<\/i>\u00a0as a pyrolysis furnace to create the charcoal.<\/p>\n

(6)<\/sup>: All materials (wood, leaves and dirt) were taken on the spot. The coalman sometimes brought the dirt, rare on the Mediterranean hills, with him from one\u00a0faulde<\/i>\u00a0to the other.<\/p>\n

(7)<\/sup>: This is the stage where the coalman really starts to apply his magic and transform wood in charcoal by controlling fire. This is why he is also called\u00a0fire master<\/b>.<\/p>\n

(8)<\/sup>: The\u00a0fire master<\/b>\u00a0drives the burning of the\u00a0meule \u00a0<\/i>thanks to his knowledge and experience. The quality of the produced charcoal depends largely on his expertise.<\/p>\n

(9)<\/sup>: The colour, density and smell of the smoke going out of the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re<\/i>\u00a0through the vents give precious information to the\u00a0fire master<\/b>. Thanks to them he can closely monitor the progression of the charcoaling process.<\/p>\n

(10)<\/sup>: During this process, the\u00a0charbonni\u00e8re<\/i>\u00a0progressively settles down.<\/p>\n

Thank you a lot for translation to Vincent Gu\u00e9rineau<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Charbonnier est maitre dans sa demeure:\u00a0\u00a0a coalman’s home is his castle! The coalman \u00a0cleans a plane rounded surface of all vegetation to form the charcoal area or \u00ab\u00a0faulde\u00ab\u00a0. He builds on it the wheel or \u00ab\u00a0meule\u00a0\u00bb which is the woodpile to be charcoaled.It thens covers it with leaves and dirt to form the charcoal kiln […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"ngg_post_thumbnail":0,"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":false,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-628","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-charbon-de-bois-carbon-art"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p4r91c-a8","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":2355,"url":"https:\/\/www.altimara.eu\/blog\/2017\/07\/04\/lupin-ecochar\/","url_meta":{"origin":628,"position":0},"title":"Lupin \u00e9cochar","author":"Martiou","date":"4 juillet 2017","format":false,"excerpt":"L\u00fap\u00edna l\u00fdst \u00fatl\u00e6g \u00far vistkerfi Austfjar\u00f0a me\u00f0 hj\u00e1lp \u00edb\u00faa La lutte contre l'envahissement des lupins se d\u00e9veloppe. 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